![]() Their traditional arts would take a long time to recover, because the evolving arts of survival and new art forms for community building took precedence. women's right to vote didn't come till 1920 and women are still excluded from many religious and business leadership roles) did not accept the egalitarian nature of Indian society with respect to women, or that an Indian woman could have leadership responsibilities and high status, and they ignored or devalued Ohlone women's skills. Many Euro-American leaders with cultural and gender prejudices (U.S. With the establishment of Spanish ranchos and an increasing hide trade, the decimated Ohlone population became a hidden minority, their native way of life increasingly influenced by Spanish/Mexican culture. Once widely known for the finest baskets, Ohlone women lost much of their material and spiritual culture when they labored in the valley's emerging agricultural economy. The arts of healing landscape management (periodic burning of the land) preserving habitat for natural foods and herbs the arts of hospitality of music and storytelling of sharing resources of home, boat, and sweatlodge ( tupen-tak) construction using natural materials and the arts of survival the art of building community-living communally, at times and in some aspects, in an egalitarian society as far as women were concerned, with respectful gender and generational relationships. Aided by having skilled navigators and craft specialists and distance traveling, they traded, observed and developed complex forms of art. The art skills of Ohlone people grew by encounters with and learning from people of neighboring cultures and language families. Photos: Alan LeventhalĬalifornia Indians wove baskets with geometric designs and made pictographic (painted) and petroglyphic (pecked) rock art. Photos: Alan Leventhal Stone Smoking Pipes ( Torepa) and Elk Antler Harpoons. Jewelry (shell ornamentation and regalia) was associated with status and wealth based upon the family's lineage and ranking in the community. While natural resources were shared, certain art forms were owned. Photos: Joe Cavaretta (Muwekma Tribe) Sandstone charmstones, red paint mortar, and Olivella shell beads. CA-ALA-329 dates from 150 BC to AD 1767 and was continuously used as a ceremonial mortuary mound for the ancestral Muwekma Ohlone nobility (men, women, children) and fallen warriors. Such art was related to shamanic visions and ceremonial religious performances. Charmstones, body paint, and Olivella shell beads were also part of the Kuksu religion and Ohlone art. Kuksu ceremonial pendants from the Muwekma Ohlone ancestral heritage site CA-ALA-329, located in Coyote Hills East Bay Regional Park, are similar to those found in downtown San José made of red and black abalone shells. Photos: Joe Cavaretta (Muwekma Tribe) Kuksu ceremonial pendants, c. ![]() They wove baskets for leaching acorn meal, cooking, fishing, and winnowing grain and for storing ornaments of abalone, cut-and-drilled beads from Olivella shells, and complex feather dance regalia-all part of community life, whether everyday, social, and/or religious. ![]() For over 10,000 years the ancestors of today's Ohlone Indians created art in what is now known as Silicon Valley.
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